毫秒级资料处理的新方法：1991年5月16日2.84GHz太阳资料分析

本文对1991年5月16日事件的资料进行了数据处理,不仅证明毫秒级资料可以通过平均平滑还原为秒级,还表明经1990年修改后的2.84GHz接收机输出的不同时间常数资料内部是自洽的。同时对太阳毫秒级资料作带通滤波将不同时间尺度的快速起伏分离出来。虽然在1991年5月16日的太阳资料中仅能发现亚秒级的起伏,但这种新的资料处理办法对今后的太阳射电快速起伏资料研究与证认是有帮助的。     

高弹道测量数据电波折射误差快速修正算法

飞行器制导精度评估、特别是航天器的姿态与定点控制、落点预报等，都离不开高精度的外弹道测量数据。在影响测量数据精度因素中，折射误差是主要误差源之一。目前折射误差修正方法中，一类精度很高，但计算速度太慢，无法应用于实时计算；一类速度很快，但因为使用的是简化模型，因而精度较差，难以满足未来高精度测控的需要。如何在确保实时计算速度基础上，又能提高其处理精度，正是文章构造出的快速折射修正二步方法所解决的课题。经仿真计算证明，该方法的结果完全满足实际工程对精度和速度的要求。     

空间微波系统中微放电现象

对微放电理论的研究历史进行了回顾。分析了微放电的发生条件和机理 ,讨论了影响微放电效应的各种因素 ,提出了各种增高微放电阈值电平的有效措施 ,以防止微放电效应发生 ,保护系统正常工作。给出了设计微放电部件的一般步骤 ,并对设计中需要注意的问题进行了论述     

Sporadic structures in equatorial ionosphere as revealed from GPS occultation data

A method for monitoring of sporadic formations in the lower ionosphere by use of the amplitude and phase variations of decimeter radio waves in the occultation trans-ionospheric link GPS satellite — LEO CHAMP satellite is described. Typical variations of the amplitude and phase of the occultation signal, caused by layered formations in the lower ionosphere, are considered. Parameters of sporadic structures measured during period of especially strong solar flashes from October 25 till November 9, 2003, are described. Results of statistical analysis of the occurrence frequency of sporadic layers, their altitude distribution, and thickness are presented. The electron density distribution in the lower ionosphere in the equatorial zone is estimated.     

RNSS上行L频段新划分的回顾及风险评述

从国际频率划分规定的角度，回顾了2000年世界无线电通信大会（WRC-2000）对1300～1350MHz频段做出卫星无线电导航业务新划分的背景、研究过程、最终划分结果及相关条款等历史状况，同时对卫星无线电导航业务上行信号使用该频段存在的限制和风险进行了分析及评述。     

水平非均匀大气条件下的抛物方程模型研究

在分析传统分步傅立叶(SSFT)和中心差分离散混合傅立叶变换(DMFT)算法的基础上,针对算法复杂度及数值稳定性问题,提出了前向-后向混合差分DMFT算法及其具体实现步骤,提高计算效率的同时解决了传统算法在复杂条件下的盲点问题.给出了算法中水平非均匀大气折射剖面及复杂条件下最大传播仰角θmax等关键参数的计算方法,并与传统模型及经典文献实验数据进行了仿真比较,验证了该算法及模型在复杂大气条件下的正确性和有效性.     

COTS星载双模测控应答机基带设计与实现

提出了一种星载双模测控应答机基带设计方案,采用COTS（商用现货）器件实现,能较好解决星载功率受限和空间辐射效应引起的相关问题。测控应答机主处理器由反熔丝FPGA（现场可编程门阵列）实现,可在低功耗条件下保证最基本测控需求,解调上行DPSK（差分相移键控）信号,调制下行扩频信号;协处理器受主处理器控制,由SRAM（静态存储器）FPGA来实现,对上行扩频信号进行解扩解调。测控应答机可根据星载电源功率情况和不同测控任务切换模式,具有成本低、可靠性高、使用灵活等优势。     

电波折射误差实时修正方法研究

目前的实时弹道处理过程中,由于获得探空气象数据比较困难,电波折射误差均采用各种简化方法进行计算,因而大气折射误差计算的精度不高,修正效果不佳。针对这种现状,本文提出了基于双指数模型的射线瞄迹法计算大气折射误差。试算结果表明,该方法的计算精度与事后数据处理所采用的电波折射误差修正方法相当,且能够满足实时处理的时间要求。     

Electron density retrieval from occulting GNSS signals using a gradient-aided inversion technique

In the coming years, opportunities for remote sensing of electron density in the Earth’s ionosphere will expand with the advent of Galileo, which will become part of the global navigation satellite system (GNSS). Methods for accurate electron density retrieval from radio occultation data continue to improve. We describe a new method of electron density retrieval using total electron content measurements obtained in low Earth orbit. This method can be applied to data from dual-frequency receivers tracking the GPS or Galileo transmitters. This simulation study demonstrates that the method significantly improves retrieval accuracy compared to the standard Abel inversion approach that assumes a spherically symmetric ionosphere. Our method incorporates horizontal gradient information available from global maps of Total Electron Content (TEC), which are available from the International GNSS Service (IGS) on a routine basis. The combination of ground and space measurements allows us to improve the accuracy of electron density profiles near the occultation tangent point in the E and F regions of the ionosphere.     

Imaging interplanetary CMEs at radio frequency from solar polar orbit

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) represent a great concentration of mass and energy input into the lower corona. They have come to be recognized as the major driver of physical conditions change in the Sun–Earth system. Consequently, observations of CMEs are important for understanding and ultimately predicting space weather conditions. This paper discusses a proposed mission, the Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) mission, which will observe the propagation of interplanetary CMEs to distances of near 0.35 AU from the Sun. The orbit of SPORT is an elliptical solar polar orbit. The inclination angle between the orbit and ecliptic plane should be about 90°. The main payload on board SPORT will be an imaging radiometer working at the meter wavelength band (radio telescope), which can follow the propagation of interplanetary CMEs. The images that are obtained by the radio telescope embody the brightness temperature of the objectives. Due to the very large size required for the antenna aperture of the radio telescope, we adopt interferometric imaging technology to reduce it. Interferometric imaging technology is based on indirect spatial frequency domain measurements plus Fourier transformation. The SPORT spacecraft will also be equipped with a set of optical and in situ measurement instruments such as a EUV solar telescope, a solar wind ion instrument, an energetic particle detector, a magnetometer, a wave detector and a solar radio burst spectrometer.